Brief Chronology and Findings on the 3-Finger Palpa-Nazca Mummies of Peru

Brief Chronology and Findings on the 3-Finger Palpa-Nazca Mummies of Peru

By

Giorgio Piacenza

Chronology

·         End of 2015. Leandro Benedicto Rivera Sarmiento (a.k.a. Mario Peruano) allegedly found a cave with several specimens between the districts of Palpa and Nazca (perhaps 20+) in the Peruvian desert.  Some might be ancient artificially fabricated offerings and some original biological individuals. The finding allegedly includes complete bodies, separate body parts and artifacts such as carved stones and metal adornments.

 

·         October – December 2016. Some small less credible specimens were shown to Mr. Dante Rios Tambini by Paul Ronceros (a.k.a. Krawix). Mr. Rios Tambini told me about it and also went to Instituto Incari in Cuzco. He told me that Paul Ronceros and Leandro Benedicto Rivera were looking for open-minded, serious and caring scientists willing and capable to dedicate themselves to research the findings. Other specimens were shown at the Instituto Inkari. After a cursory exposition to biologists, anatomists, archaeologists, and physicians in Cuzco, no fraud was detected.

 

·         January 2017. Thierry Jamin, Director of Instituto Inkari, writes a letter to the Ministry of Culture urging them to look into the alleged findings. Instituto Inkari travels to Nazca to meet the huaqueros. A small specimen is loaned to Instituto Inkari and X rays are taken.

 

·         February 2017. Instituto Inkari recovers two mummified heads of small beings and also three mummified hands. After X rays are taken, Peruvian surgeon Edson Salazar Vivanco is the first scientist to analyze the specimens. X rays are performed by Peruvian radiologist Raymundo Salas Alfaro. Dr. Salazar Vivanco suggested a double-stranded DNA analysis and radiocarbon dating. Instituto Inkari begins a crowdfunding project to finance the DNA analysis and radiocarbon dating.

 

·         March 2017. Instituto Inkari obtains 39,500 € for DNA analysis and C-14 dating and recuperates an entire small (60cm) mummified body. It is given the name “Alberto.” X rays are taken.  It is studied by Raymundo Salas Vivanco and by surgeons Dr. Ramiro Hermoza Rosell and Dr. Renan Ramirez Vargas.

 

·         April 2017. Instituto Inkari recuperates another complete, small mummified body. It is given the name “Josefina.” Two mummified brains, some carved stones, carved-painted bone fragments, and metal objects were also recuperated. Tissue samples are obtained and sent to different labs outside of Peru.

 

·         April 23, 2017.  Jaime Maussan, Mexican journalist and 2 American TV channels. Also accompanied by Dr. José Jesús Zalce Benítez, chief medical forensic officer of Mexico, the Mexican biologist José de la Cruz Rios Lopez, and Dr. Konstantin G. Korotkov, professor of medicine at the Federal University of Saint Petersburg, Russia arrive in Cuzco, Peru. Gaia TV and Jaime Maussan Tercer Milenio cover the expenses.

 

·         April 25, 2017. A large, more human-looking mummy given the name of “Maria” is shown and temporarily lent for tests and analysis. X rays and a DNA sample are taken. Team of scientists that arrived with Jaime Maussan participates.

 

·         May 2017. Through X rays, 3 possible eggs are discovered inside the small mummy “Josefina.” Team of scientists that arrived with Jaime Maussan participates.   First (low resolution) tomographies are taken of “Maria,” “Josefina,” and “Alberto.”  Instituto Inkari recuperates a new small mummy. It is called “Victoria,” is in a sitting position and is headless. On may 20, the team of scientists with Jaime Maussan returns leaves Peru.

 

·         July 2017. A small, possibly hybrid body of a mummified infant given the name of “Wawita” (meaning little baby or infant in Quechua) is examined.

 

·         11 July 2017. A press conference organized by Instituto Inkari, Jaime Maussan, Gaia TV, and reporter Jois Mantilla takes place in the Swiss Hotel in Lima, Peru. Many mummy experts from Peru are invited but refuse to participate only one specializing in dental parts attends. Renowned Mexican medical anthropologist and forensic expert Dr. Jose de Jesus Zalce Benitez and surgeon Peruvian surgeon Dr. Edson Salazar Vivanco explain that there are no signs of tampering in the highly anomalous bodies.  The first conclusions of the laboratory tests (x-rays, scanners, DNA, C14, etc.) are presented.

 

·         August 2017. 3 new small specimens can be examined by Instituto Inkari. Two seem to have eggs inside.

 

·         November 2017. Another small body is recuperated by Instituto Inkari. Also, a large 3 finger hand of 38cm.

 

·         July 2018. Peruvian congressman Armando Villanueva presents a bill for the declaration of historical and cultural interest and the study of the humanoid mummies of Nazca. The bill doesn’t prosper in Congress.

 

·         August 2018. Better, high resolution CT-Scans/tomographies (128 cuts per sq inch) are conducted in Lima on the mummies “Maria,” “Josefina,” and “Wawita.” Continuity of tissue is evident. The alleged eggs seem to have biological internal remnants.

 

·         November 11, 2018. There is a presentation of the results of the analises in the Congress of Peru under the auspices of Congressman Armando Villanueva Mercado. Peruvian radiologist Raymundo Salas, Mexican biologist José de la Cruz Ríos López, Mexican forensic doctor José de Jesús Zalce Benítez, Colombian biologist Dr. Clara Inés Martínez, Russian hand and maxilofacial surgeon and tomography expert Galestskiy Dmitriy Vladilàvovich, Manuel Ángel Cáceres, Mexican geneticist Salvador Ángel Romero Martínez.

 

·         August, 2019.  Professors from the San Luis Gonzaga National University in the City of Ica recovered four of the Nazca-Palpa 3-finger mummies: "Maria", "Wawita", "Albert" and "Victoria".

 

·         September 2019. The prosecutor in charge of judicial affairs of the Ministry of Culture (in reference to a formal accusation to Leandro Benedicto Rivera Sarmiento) officially concludes that “… it has not been possible to determine the place where the supposed dissected remains would have been found; by not knowing the site, the place cannot be determined either, it is not possible to determine whether the site has an archaeological status or not... Consequently, there is no objective evidence to determine the commission of a pronouncement material crime (article 334.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure).

 

·         October, 2019. Local officials from the Ministry of Culture (DDC-Ica) try to recover the mummies and there is a sudden, unannounced, illegal police raid into the premises of Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga (UNICA). But UNICA representatives refuse to be intimidated and retain custody of the specimens because the law is on their side.  

 

·         November, 2019. International press conference at the San Luis Gonzaga National University of Ica. A team of university professors launch an international call for researchers to join them in the scientific study of the mummies. They announce that the university will be retaining the custody of the specimens given to them. There is a temporary public exhibition of the mummies to the general public. The professors only want to arrive to the truth, scientifically, no matter what it is.

 

·         The Ministry of Culture considers the small mummies to be fabricated with animal remains and for this reason it has no inconvenient allowing their research but the large mummy “Maria” is considered to be part of Peru’s patrimony and to be made of modified pre-Hispanic human remains, possibly from the Paracas Culture.

 

·         2022. The prosecutor for the Ministry of culture obtains a sentence against Leandro Benedicto Rivera Sarmiento. Four years of suspended prison + a fine of 25,000 Peruvian soles. It was for digging or altering in a designated archaeological zone.  

 

 

Some Research Results Bullet Points:

 

·         After observing X rays and CAT scans/tomographies of the larger mummy “Maria,” Musculoskeletal radiologist M.K. Jessie opined that tampering would have been very unlikely. Peruvian Radiologist Raymundo Salas Alfaro concurred also in relation to the small specimens.

 

·         Bone growth around a hip implant in the small specimen called “Alberto” was found by Dr. Raymundo Salas Alfaro. This shows that the biological specimen lived after the implant was placed.

 

·         The larger (more human-looking) mummy “Maria” was C-14 radiocarbon dated to 1780 years old. The smaller mummies like “Victoria” were dated between 800 and 1100 years old.

 

·          Renowned traumatologist, orthopedist and hand surgeon Juan Mirko Tello (with almost 25 years of hand reconstruction experience) opined that there are no signs of tampering in the hands of “Maria.” That there are too many precise details in the hands to for them to have been modified in an empirical and deceiving manner. That there are no holding instruments and the bones fit well with each other, the fingers preserve their axes, the joints are very symmetrical, show some soft tissues and, thus, do not seem to have been manipulated.

 

·         The skull from the mummy “Maria” appears to be naturally elongated and with 1800cc, much larger than normal cranial capacity. Moreover, unlike artificially elongated skulls which always maintain a normal internal cranial volume, Maria’s skull has a naturally displaced (towards the back) foramen magnus. While the position of the foramen magnus in artificially elongated Paracas skulls remain centrally located (since they have been artificially elongated) Maria’s foramen magnus naturally developed in a different position, further back. 

 

·         “Maria” has 26 vertebrae instead of the 33 vertebrae that human beings have.

 

·         “Maria’s” hands have 5 phalanges, unlike humans that have 3.  Her fingertips have fingerprints that – unlike spiral ones in homo sapiens – run sideways.

 

·         In “Maria’s feet, the heel is prominent; is different from the calcaneus bone and the tip of her toes are bent downward as if her stride was supported by stepping on the heels and then onto the tip of her toes. The tip of her toes look worn out.

 

·         According to different laboratories Maria’s genome only coincides with the homo sapiens genome between 25% and 33.68%. Other non-primate species on Earth coincide much more.

 

·         DNA found in the small 60cm specimens doesn’t match known species in the NCBI database.

 

·         “Maria” is covered with Diatomaceous Earth and (according to recent 2022-2022 findings from the National University of Engineering in Peru) also with Cadmium Chloride covering the skin under the Diatomaceous Earth.

 

·         The National University of Engineering in Peru found the very scarce metal element Osmium found inside a metal implant located on the upper chest of the small mummy “Josefina.” The osmium is found inside a cavity surrounded by a normal pre-Hispanic metallic material containing large amounts of copper. Osmium is the densest, naturally-occurring metallic element and is used in fountain pen nibs, compass nibs, phonograph needles, electrical contacts. Two other small mummies are know to have similar metal implants on the chest.

 

·         The large bones of the small and the large specimens appear to be hollower than what is normal for humans. They may resemble reptilian or bird bones.

 

·         Biochemical studies of different parts of some small specimens show that the bodies are not made up by combining different animal parts (as many detractors loudly said). This was found by the Science Faculty of the Universidad Nacional de Ingenieria (UNI) in Lima, Peru. A proper academic presentation will follow.

 

·         A preliminary finding is that the cells from small specimens seem to be anomalous and unlike those of known animals like cats, alpaca, llamas, dogs, and even known terrestrial reptiles.

 

·         The ovoid shapes inside the small mummy “Josefina” were punctured by a fine needle, material was extracted and a prestigious university found that they contained fossilized, organic material and were not made of stone or quartz crystals as detractors said.

 

·         The small specimen “Alberto” has 6 pairs of ribs which are round and also 2 loose, floating ribs. “Alberto” also has a metal implant next to the right rib with bone growth around it. The sitting specimen “Victoria” has 11 pairs of round ribs and two loose, floating ribs.

 

·         “Victoria’s” neck seems to have been retractile.

 

·         The Mexican genetic testing laboratories ABRAXAS and BIOTECMOL gave matches of the small specimen Victoria with homo sapiens of between 14% and 36% using samples taken from a cervical vertebrae and hip. Other small specimens only coincide between 25%-28% with homo sapiens.  But even a slug shared 70% of its genes with Homo sapiens. This preliminary result seems to indicate that the humanoid species belong to a different phylogenetic tree.

 

 

·         “Victoria’s” histological analysis conducted by biologist Jose de la Cruz Rios Lopez shows a highly keratinized, reptilian-like skin.

 

·         Unlike typical mummies, the small and large specimens preserve their internal organs intact. They are brittle dry and it would have been almost impossible to add and subtract body parts without leaving traces of it.

 

·         Regarding the small mummies, Russian hand and maxilofacial surgeon and tomography expert Galestskiy Dmitriy Vladilàvovich found that the central nervous system passes externally or outside and behind the vertebral column. Moreover, that the ribs not only are round but also and originate in the vertebras on the backside of the body, and that they have not been modified using a chemical process. Furthermore, the small mummies have globular capsules at the joints, and the skin doesn't show sutures or disruptions.